Attachment trauma may be found in children or adults who who did not receive adequate affection and attention from their primary caregiver; were adopted or raised in foster care (and/or frequently moved); experienced a loss of a primary caregiver through divorce, abduction, prison or death; or experienced any type of parental loss or alienation (such as through parental substance use or mental health issues). Well- meaning friends and family may try to nag or give pep-talks, to no avail. Therapists may not be able to pinpoint a true diagnosis in order to provide treatment, or provide treatment that is not specific to the issues presented. Doctors may prescribe medications to mask the symptoms.